My grandpa has these dark waxy bumps on his neck that itch. What are they?

Seborrheic keratosis is more common in older adults, typically appearing after age 50. This prevalence is likely due to cumulative sun exposure and the natural aging process of the skin. Additionally, individuals with fairer skin types may notice these growths more readily, although they can occur in any skin type. Understanding that these growths are a part of the aging process can help in managing expectations and reducing anxiety associated with their appearance.

While the exact cause of seborrheic keratoses is not entirely understood, certain factors are believed to contribute to their development. Sun exposure over many years is thought to play a role, as these growths often appear on sun-exposed areas of the skin. Genetics also significantly influence their formation, as they tend to run in families. Additionally, irritation from clothing or other factors can exacerbate the itchiness and discomfort associated with these growths.

While seborrheic keratoses are usually harmless, there are instances when medical advice should be sought. If a growth starts to itch excessively, bleed, or change in size, shape, or color, it is important to consult a dermatologist. These changes could potentially indicate a different condition that requires attention. Persistent symptoms, such as severe itching or bleeding, should not be ignored as they can lead to secondary infections or other complications.

Diagnosis of seborrheic keratosis is usually straightforward and can often be made based on the appearance of the growth. Dermatologists may use a dermatoscope, a special magnifying tool, to examine the skin’s surface in greater detail. In some cases, a skin biopsy may be performed to rule out any other conditions, especially if the growth has atypical features. This involves taking a small sample of the skin for analysis under a microscope.